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To continue to support the efficient functioning of water markets in the River Murray system, the Murray–Darling Basin Authority and water agencies and authorities from New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia have been investigating better ways to make trade adjustments.

The operation of the Barmah Choke trade restriction is specified in the Permissible Transfers between Trading Zones Protocol 2010. The opening balance for the Choke water account on 1 July is based on the Snowy water savings that were realised downstream of the Choke in the previous water year and reflected in allocations against the Entitlement Record.

Acid sulfate soils can pose a serious risk to the health of the plants, animals and communities of the Murray–Darling Basin especially during high risk periods such as droughts under low flows and water levels.

Salinity is the concentration of salt in the water or soil. Managing salinity is one of the biggest challenges in the Murray–Darling Basin.

A mass fish death is when many fish die suddenly and unexpectedly. It is more likely to happen in times of flood or drought.

The Lower Darling was subject to tragic fish death events in December 2018 and January 2019. The large fish death events covered a 40 kilometre stretch of the Darling River, downstream of Menindee Lakes.

Water trade allows water holders to decide whether they need to buy or sell water at a particular time.

Dissolved organic carbon-rich water (blackwater) occurs naturally when floods wash large amounts of leaves, grass and other organic material off riverbanks and floodplains into waterways.

Increasing community concern and passion for the banks of the Murray River has sparked a whole-of-river project looking at riverbank erosion, under the Murray–Darling Water and Environment Research Program.

Basin state governments create the majority of rules governing water trade in the Basin. They are responsible for developing and maintaining the rules around water access and use.